Identification of appropriate patients for preoperative evaluation: A quality improvement project

Abstract

Objective: Appropriate preoperative evaluation is essential for safe surgical care. Cost containment and “best practice” suggest that preoperative testing should be matched to patient co-morbidities and the magnitude of the planned procedure. The purpose of this project was to reduce the number of unnecessary referrals to our preoperative evaluation clinic (POE), increase clinic capacity for medically complex patients including diabetics, and quantify the reduction in institutional cost associated with the project.
Methods: In addition to other educational activities, a simplified algorithm and optional screening tool were created to assist surgeons with determining which patients should go to POE. A sub-group of pilot surgeons were selected to participate and their POE referral performance was tracked and shared with them. Surgeons were encouraged to send all of their diabetic patients through POE. A cost analysis was carried out to quantify changes in institutional average cost per case for preoperative evaluation, before vs. after project launch. The first quarter of 2013 (pre-project launch) was compared to first quarter 2015.
Results: Pilot surgeons reduced referrals to POE by 30%, while decreasing the institutional average cost per case of preoperative evaluation by > 50%. Clinic capacity for complex patients increased, although diabetic referrals remained flat during the project. There was no increase in day of surgery cancellations.
Conclusions: This project demonstrates that patterns of preoperative evaluation for healthy patients undergoing low-acuity surgery can be changed, bringing about cost savings, without increasing day of surgery cancellations.